Four freedoms :: essays research papers

1 Four freedoms – January 6, 1941 freedom of speech, freedom of religion, freedom from want, and freedom from fear of armed aggression. 1. The first is freedom of speech and expression -- everywhere in the world. 2. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way -- everywhere in the world. 3. The third is freedom from want -- which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants -- everywhere in the world. 4. The fourth is freedom from fear -- which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor-- anywhere in the world. his Four Freedoms speech did promise America's "full support" for the Allied cause. On August 14, 1941, President Roosevelt and British prime minister Winston Churchill confirmed the Four Freedoms as joint war aims in the Atlantic Charter. Atlantic Charter (declaration of U.S. into the war and to fight Germany first, and Japan second) 1. At the Casablanca Conference, Franklin Roosevelt and Winston Churchill met and agreed on the term of â€Å"unconditional surrender.† At the Tehran Conference, the Big Three (Wilson, Churchill, and Josef Stalin, leader of Russia) met and agreed that the Soviets and Allies would launch simultaneous attacks At the Potsdam Conference, the Allies issued an ultimatum: surrender or be destroyed II. Yalta: Bargain or Betrayal? 1. A final conference of the Big Three had taken place at Yalta in February 1945, where Soviet leader Joseph Stalin pledged that Poland should have a representative government with free elections, as would Bulgaria and Romania, but he broke those promises. 2. At Yalta, the Soviet Union had agreed to attack Japan three months after the fall of Germany, but by the time the Soviets entered the Pacific war, the U.

Alligators Essay -- Animals, Environment, Hunters

The American alligator scientific name is Alligator mississippiensis. The Chinese alligator is the only other alligator in the alligator family and its scientific name is alligator sinensis. The American alligator is in the kingdom Animalia because it is an animal. The phylum is chordate because it has vertebrae. The American alligator is in the class reptilia because it is cold blooded, lays shelled eggs, scaly skin and breaths air. Alligators are in the order crocodilian because it is a large animal that appeared during the Cambrian stage. The American alligator is in the family alligator idea because it has larger, broader snouts, and can withstand colder temperatures. The genus is alligator and the species is Mississippiensis (Florida nature,2006). The American alligators have many physical characteristics. Their size ranges from six to twelve feet. A full grown male can weigh up to one thousand and two hundred pounds. The American alligator has a long round snout with nostrils at the end. An alligator has two eyes towards the top of its head. Also alligators have a long thin body that has four legs and a long tail (EDIS, 2009) The American alligator lives in wetlands in southeastern United States from North Carolina to Texas. Wetlands are areas of standing water such as bogs, swamps, ponds, and marshes. Alligators mostly live in fresh water wetlands, but sometimes alligators live in brackish water. Brackish water is water that has more saline or salt water than fresh water. Alligators can’t live in salt water because they do not have an effective salt gland. American alligators live in temperate climate with cold winters and warm summers. The average temperature is 50 degree Fahrenheit a year and 40 to 60 inches of rainfall... ...and food. Their skin is used to make high quality leather. In 1950, American alligators were seriously endangered because humans were over hunting alligators. Then in 1967, the endangered species preservation act stopped the hunting of alligators and the number of alligators quickly rose. Now there are millions of alligators and people are allowed to hunt alligators again. Alligators are losing their habitat because wetlands are being filled to create land for houses, farms, and industries. Alligators are very dangerous animals to humans. Alligator attacks occur around seven times a year, but few are lethal. When people feed them, alligators learn not to be afraid of humans. This causes more alligator attacks and alligators to become more aggressive with humans. Ninety percent of all alligator attacks are caused from people feeding alligators. (langly,2005)

How My English Has Improved Essay

The importance of taking English to me is that I that I learned how to read, write and understand different word concepts. This year in 10th grade English class, my reading skills have improved and Essay/paragraph writing has improved also. In my 9th grade English class, when reading books/novels, my understanding of the story didn’t always connect. Now in 10th grade I find it easier to understand the stories. Over the course of taking English 10, I have learned to take my time when reading and not rush. I also learned when writing, I need to recheck my sentences to say what I mean. Night by Elie Wiesel and Athletic shorts By Chris Crutcher should be taught again in English 10 because the story in Night is inspirational and shows people character and ties to family. Athletic shorts was different because it was not just 1 story, there was six different short stories that had variety but together they showed how people can get through conflicts or tough times. Reading this book and stories, has helped my reading skills to improve because they made me curious to know what would happen at the end of the story. I think the more I read, the better reader I become. The Emotional Poem and Book Club Project/During Reading Assignment were the challenging aspect of writing for me. The Emotional Poems were hard because words sometimes cannot really tell your feelings. The Book Cub Project was challenging because I found it difficult to find six songs with meanings that were similar to the book, Before We were Free. The meanings of the songs that I picked seemed too specific and not general enough to fit the story. As a result, I would advise new students in English 10 to be prepared to not give up, to try to be creative and ask you teacher for help. Practice with Working with a partner and Working with a group of other students benefited me because working with one partner gives you the chance to talk one to one and you can get more time to learn more information from that one person. When working with a group of people, there are more views but on the other hand, it is hard to speak up to have your view heard. I think this type of work has helped me with friends and may help my communication skills for future jobs. As a result, I think my listening and speaking skills have improved slightly because feel like I participated more in class this year than other years. My experiences in English this year, from Night, have helped me to understand the good theme of family helping each other and the bad theme of cruelty towards other humans. Both Elie and his father help each other at the concentration camps by sharing food and water. Elie also motivated his father when they had to move to another camp to keep going in severely cold weather with no shoes and very little food. The cruelty towards other people made it hard for Elie and for myself to understand how God could let this happen. As a result, I now believe that it is important for family to help and motivate each other. I also believe that if actions towards other people are truly wrong and cruel, that everyone should try to stop this. At the end of English10, I find it easier to understand the stories that we read. I also found that organizing my thoughts and ideas was harder in the beginning of the year, but now it is easier when I try to have a rough draft of ideas and then re-organize the rough draft . I do think that there were many homework assignment that I should have completed and did not. I have learned that even if something does not interest me, I should still do this work and try to learn something from it. The most important lesson that I got from English this year is that I should do ALL of my work and not just what I feel like doing. My goal for next year is to do ALL of my English homework so I can hope to learn all of things that are need for next year. I will obtain this goal by listening to my teacher when she gives assignments and by bringing ALL of my papers and books home to work on these assignments.

Manipulation of Psychology in Macbeth Essay

The play Macbeth highlights William Shakespeare’s own opinions on correlations between committing unethical deeds and the manipulation of a person’s psychology. While modern psychological research did not appear until the late 1800s it is evident that with the help of his son-in-law John Hall (a man who introduced one of the first psychological concepts of hypochondriac melancholy), Shakespeare was able to use many psychological abnormalities to highlight that partaking in evil changes the mind. But this little knowledge has left plenty of room for ambiguity in Macbeth and has resulted in many modern debates to arise over differing interpretations of the play. One interpretation details Shakespeare wished to show to his audience that mental illness will form within them if they commit a particularly sinful act. While Shakespeare did not know the official diagnosis of mental disorders such as schizophrenia or bi-polar Robert Munro states within his Lady Macbeth: A Psychological Sketch that ‘which a knowledge of psychology which was far in advance of his time†¦ e always speaks of the abnormal conditions of the mind with marvellous accuracy’. In Act 5 a doctor comments on Lady Macbeth’s sleep walking saying ‘unnatural deeds / Do breed unnatural troubles; infected minds/ To their deaf pillows will discharge their secrets’. This comment upon her case of what the responders of the time knew as Severe Somnambulism is the pinnacle of Shakespeare ’s claim that guilt from an unethical deed will result in an ill mind. The darkened stage and inclusion of a taper as a prop in Lady Macbeths’ hands helps to illustrate for the responders the issue of her mind falling into symbolic darkness as she struggles to cope with the guilt caused by her deeds. Also personification of deaf pillows is used by Shakespeare to show that her unusual habits of sleepwalking places Lady Macbeth in an isolated situation as she cannot tell anyone the cause of her troubles. Munro also states ‘As to somnambulism, the most incredible views were held [by Elizabethans]†¦ it was regarded as a prophetic†¦ state in which the subjects were believed to be under the influence of angles or demons’. This contextual evidence provides insight into how Shakespeare would have terrified his responders through the inclusion of a disease in which they feared; developing within Lady Macbeth as a result of her deeds. Hence Macbeth is often said to demonstrate that individuals will inevitably succumb to the maladies of the mind if they commit acts frowned upon by society and God. Another psychological correlation with unethical deeds is not one that is a result of them but in fact is the cause of them. Some interpret the play as Macbeth and Lady Macbeth being motivated to murder by a monomania-desire for children. Munro states ‘it was clearly the intention of Shakespeare to represent them†¦ n the attitude of one suffering from the effects of an ever-increasing monomania’ This is first seen in Act 1 before the murder occurs, Lady Macbeth says ‘I have given suck and know/ How tender ‘tis to love the babe that milks me’ before she says ‘I would, while it was smiling in my face, / have plucked my nipple from his boneless gums / and dashed the brains out, had I so sworn / As you have done to this’. This juxtaposition of love and hatred towards an innoce nt symbol such as a child highlights a deep conflict of emotion occurring within her and provides reasons that she may not have had success with raising a healthy child. Lexical choice of the word tender still highlights her desire for a child which raises a thought within responders that attempting to become king and queen is their effort to become symbolic parents for a nation. Then throughout the play murder follows Macbeth wherever he becomes jealous for the fertility of others such as Macduff’s children and the chance that Banquo’s children will become successive kings. Freud effectively sums up the famous quote by Macduff ‘He has no children! ’ in Act 4 when his family is murdered as ‘Only because he himself is childless could he murder my children’. Once again this recurring imagery throughout the play continues when in Act 4 Shakespeare uses the character of a bloody child to confront Macbeth which can be interpreted by responders as the child of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth who is assumed to have died of still birth or unnatural causes. Uses of these props and characters which reiterate the theme of family and children throughout the play create a strong motif which the Elizabethan audience could relate to as family values were significantly important. Hence Shakespeare uses this growing obsessive frustration at the inability to have a family within Macbeth and Lady Macbeth as a the motivation for their multiple acts of the unethical deed of murder. Therefore Shakespeare shows correlations in Macbeth between changing psychological patterns in Macbeth and Lady Macbeth and unethical deeds such as murder through cause and effect. Cause being a monomania frustration causing more unethical deeds to be committed. The effect being the development of mental illness which can cause somnambulism within an individual as a result of committing a crime.

“Of Mice and Men” and “Into the Wild Essay”

of Mice and Men' and Sean Peen's ‘Into the Wild' explore the fundamental themes of freedom, companionship and following your ambitions. (QUESTION). ‘Of Mice and Men' is set during the Great Depression in which George and Leonie explore the realism of freedom and hardships by hoping to one day have their own farm. In contrast, Chris from ‘Into the Wild' achieves ultimate freedom by choosing to run away and live In the wild. Both texts explore different perceptions of freedom. Steinbeck novel demonstrates how everyone's perception of freedom is suppressed.George and Lien's idea of freedom is to have their own land and yield themselves from the peril of the world. However, they are denied this freedom because of their lack of money. The technique of multiple perceptions Is adopted by the omniscient narrator to access various view points of the characters that represent different types of freedom suppression. This is depicted in the sentimental quotes by Curlers wife wh o says â€Å"l tell yea I could of went with shows'. Ã'› She was breathless with indignation† or Crooks who states â€Å"Cause I'm black. They play cards In there, but I can't play because I'm Black. Similar to George and Leonie, Chris desires freedom however, he does this by moving away from a lavish lifestyle to one of struggle which he calls â€Å"ultimate freedom†. This change is contrary to that of George and Leonie who are looking to free themselves from the chains of poverty. Through the poetic phrase â€Å"The freedom and simple beauty Is too good to pass up† Chris expresses his new found freedom in the laws of nature. Therefore both texts explore a heightened sense of suppression for the protagonists when it comes to the idea of freedom.The necessity of companionship is integral in both texts. Companionship can have both positive and negative ramifications. In Steinbeck novel Leonie Is shown to exhibit child-like behavior which makes him completely d ependent on George. As a result of his disability, Leonie spends all of his time with George and the pair often find themselves running from authority. Despite the difficult situations that Leonie Imposes on George, George describes his gratitude towards Lien's companionship through a sentimental tone when he states â€Å"†¦ With us it anti like that†¦We got somebody to talk to†¦ † This highlights that through a time of great difficulty where people avoided each other as expressed through the quote, Maybe everybody in the whole damn world is scared of each other† George values Lien's companionship. In contrast. Peen's film explores Chris' distaste for human companionship in order to achieve his ultimate freedom. He expresses this through his aversive tone, â€Å"You don't need human relationships to be happy†¦ † Chris demonstrates that companionship isn't necessary to have happiness and that it can be found In nature.HIS viewpoint of companion ship Is a result of his parent's physical disputes. However he later realizes that he was happiest when in the company of other travelers. He expresses this through the technique of regretful tone as he says â€Å"Happiness only real when shared†. Therefore both texts signify the Importance of companionship. Both texts promote the Idea of following your ambitions to ultimately lead you to happiness. George and Leonie strive to have their own farm but their dreams remain unfulfilled.In the end George has to kill Leonie 1 OFF Burns', â€Å"To a Mouse†, which contains the couplet, â€Å"The best laid plans of mice and men / Often go awry'. Hence, it is a novel that Juxtaposes the nature â€Å"of mice† – and the social world – â€Å"men† and provides an insight into the fading nature of ambitions. The manifestation of handicapped characters such as Crooks having a crooked spine, or Leonie being mentally slow, metaphorically schemes the theme of men going ‘awry by trying to achieve a disillusioned dream.Peen's film contradicts Steinbeck novel and shows that Chris indeed found happiness by following his ambitions. His ambitions involved trying to understand the human condition which can be seen through his zealous poetry when Chris states † Two years he walks the earth†¦ The climactic battle to kill the false being within†¦ No longer to be poisoned by civilization†¦. Chris wanted to understand the raw power of human experiences which he says is â€Å"†¦ The core of man's spirit†¦ And his dedication to fulfill this ambition led him to find what he was looking for and ultimately find happiness. Therefore in conclusion, the protagonists in â€Å"Of Mice and Men† and â€Å"Into the Wild† uniquely express the fundamental ideas of freedom, companionship and following your ambitions. Their desire for freedom is shared but their perception of obtaining it is different. Steinbeck s hows that the ambitions of men will remain unfulfilled while Peen's film depicts that the ultimate freedom is to share happiness. (Question)

Christianity and mathematics Essay

This paper deals with interrelation between Christianity and mathematics. It has been observed that God is the creator of this universe and He is also the creator of our various mathematical formulae and deductions. Like Universe and God, they are also eternal and cannot be ever destroyed. The paper has also described how Christianity has described the relation between God and our numeric system, which is the basic foundation of Mathematics. Christianity and mathematics 3 Link between Christianity and mathematics – philosophical aspect Let us consider the formulae for earth’s mass distribution, orbital path of celestial bodies and population fluctuation. They are simple mathematical formulae that describe the creation of this universe and humanity. According to Christianity, who is the creator of this Earth? It is none than the God himself. Jonathan Zderad (2003) has stated in the article written in the website http://www. acmsonline. org/Zderad-creationism. pdf that universe, that is the creation of God is hardwired by the laws of mathematics. If one have a look at the theorems of mathematics, it seemed that they were true before time began and will continue to be true after time lapses. Jonathan has mentioned this in his article in the above mentioned website. Mathematics exists beyond human thought and logic. Christianity believes that only God can create such things which are eternal and divine. Jonathan (2003) has mentioned in his article that mathematics existed beyond time and space. According to Christianity, only God, the supreme power behind this human existence can exist beyond time and space. It is very much clear from the Biblical records that god gives value to numbers. To quote from the above mentioned website, â€Å"For Christians, God’s counting is what gives the believer a place in heaven. Jesus compared himself to a shepherd who leaves the ninety-nine sheep to rescue one sheep that is lost. He values each and every one of us. † (p. 6). Jonathan Zderad (2003). The Holy Bible has drawn many references from the numeric system of mathematics. How Christianity is linked to basic numeric system of mathematics Jonathan (2003) has also described in the above mentioned article how Christianity is Christianity and mathematics 4 related to our numeric system. The author has described that while the Number represents unity, number 2 is the symbol of fellowship and number 3 representing the community. The author states that these numbers represent spiritual qualities. The author has stated in the article that Bible has enough indications that it is God who has created the series of integers, rational and irrational numbers and real numbers. Jonathan has argued in the article that Bible has strong reference to the concept of counting. Numbers were generally used to describe dimension while building a place of worship. How Creation of God is linked with creation of mathematics The author has also suggested in the above article that there is a clear view of Christian view of Mathematics, which is described as creationism. Creationism has got four aspects. The first one is continuity. God makes his own creation in such a way that it is continuous. The second aspect is activity. The author has stated that he has created all these mathematical entities out of his own mental divine activities. The third one has been described as the abstract object inclusive. To quote, â€Å"As a general rule, theists would include mental objects and spiritual objects in the list of God’s invisible creation. Creationism also includes abstract objects like propositions, relations, and universals in this list of God’s invisible creation†. (p7). Jonathan Zderad (2003). The fourth one is that it is mathematically inclusive. It believes that Mathematical objects are created by God and they have an eternal quality, which can only proceed from the mind of God. Christianity and mathematics 5 Reference Zderad, Jonathan. (2003) Creationism – A Viable Philosophy of Mathematics. www. acms. org. Retrieved on 15th December, 2008, from http://www. acmsonline. org/Zderad-creationism. pdf

Micheal Moore “Sicko”

I have heard of Mr.. Michael Moore doing controversial films on events In America, such as â€Å"Fahrenheit 9/11†. After â€Å"Fahrenheit 9/11† I had not follow Mr.. Michael Moore. Since the movie â€Å"Kickoff' that Professor Irene Cola showed during class on Friday, February 28th, 2014 1 check to see what else Mr.. Moore was doing. It seems Mr.. Michael Moore has been very busy as more than a filmmaker but as an activist with the type of films he makes. The film â€Å"Clock† Is what I would call one of his activist film documentaries.This film was about the Health care In the united states and In Canada. The film to some point was used to put shame on the Insurance Health Care Industry in the united States. Mr.. Moore did this by showing his on film how the Insurance Health Care Industry in America has cause the death of people, financial hardship due to insurance or medical high cost. Mr.. Moore went as far as interviewing some Doctors as well as people who w orked for insurance companies that know from inside experiences the truth of the matter.The matter being, how people in America insurance claims or insurance policies are rejected by Insurance companies Just to save a buck. This is an outrage. Now to compare Mr.. Moore travel across the border to Canada; Mr.. Moore found out while in Canada that Health care was totally free. I had heard in the past from a Canadian the Health Care was free but, never thought much about it. Now after seeing how the Canadians do not have to pay for health care at all. I think that the United States should get on the same page as Canada. In conclusion I do believe that Mr.. Moore movie may have had an effect onBeamer being past in this country. I believe this because it became a world issue when the movie was viewed all over the world. It seems that this is what has to happen sometime to get the wheels in motion. Although Beamer Is not as benefiting as the health care in Canada it Is a start. All Americ ans will Just have to Walt for the next Health Care Insurance Reform. Michael Moore â€Å"Kicks† By guesthouse I have heard of Mr.. Michael Moore doing controversial films on events in America, Since the movie â€Å"Kicks† that Professor Irene Cola showed during class on Friday,Michael Moore has been very busy as more than a filmmaker but as an activist with The film â€Å"Kicks† is what I would call one of his activist film documentaries. This film was about the Health care in the United States and in Canada. The film to some point was used to put shame on the Insurance Health Care Industry in the United States. Happen sometime to get the wheels in motion. Although Beamer is not as benefiting as the health care in Canada it is a start. All Americans will Just have to wait for the next Health Care Insurance Reform.